Sharia Compliance in BNPL Practices in Indonesia: A Reconstruction of Hybrid Contracts Based on Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51590/salsabil.v2i2.70Keywords:
BNPL, Sharia compliance, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, hybrid contract, Islamic economic lawAbstract
The rapid expansion of Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) services in Indonesia has increased access to digital consumer financing while simultaneously raising questions concerning substantive Sharia compliance, particularly regarding contractual characterization, ownership, fee structures, late-payment treatment, and consumer protection. This study examines these issues and reconstructs a Sharia-compliant BNPL model through a normative legal research design employing statutory, conceptual, and maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah approaches. Primary legal materials consist of relevant DSN-MUI fatwas, POJK No. 32 of 2025, and PADK OJK No. 2 of 2026, supported by verified recent literature on BNPL, hybrid contracts, Islamic finance, and consumer indebtedness. The study finds that Sharia compliance cannot be determined merely by the BNPL label but requires legal characterization of the underlying transaction. The proposed model employs a sequential hybrid-contract architecture consisting of application and affordability assessment, wakālah, acquisition and verified ownership or possession, murābaḥah, ujrah only for identifiable independent services, repayment, and Sharia governance with anti-compounding controls. The model bridges regulatory compliance and substantive Sharia compliance while strengthening consumer protection through maqāṣid-based financial literacy. This study contributes an auditable contractual architecture for developing responsible Sharia-compliant BNPL in Indonesia.
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